[Myocardial revascularization in chronic coronary artery disease. State of art].

The review addresses debatable issues of myocardial revascularization in chronic forms of ischemic heart disease, shows major differences between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of long-term prognosis, and the dependence of the results on the clinical profile of the disease. The review of current publications demonstrates advantages of open surgery in long-term survival and prevention of adverse outcomes in target groups of patients.

[Orthodontic treatment of adult patients with mandibular retrognathia]. / Ortodonticheskoe lechenie vzroslykh patsientov s nizhnei retrognatiei.

This article describes a case report of the patient with mandibular retrognathia, class II malocclusion, constriction and deformation of dental arches and bimaxillary protrusion. Due to the patient's refuse to undergo the orthognathic surgery, after diagnostic, it was decided to carry out the orthodontic dentoalveolar compensation. The combined use of the functional fixed telescopic appliance (FFTA), bracket system and orthodontic miniscrews made it possible to effectively normalize the mandibular position, achieve orthognathic occlusion, eliminate bimaxillary protrusion and improve the face profile. This method significantly reduced invasiveness and time of orthodontic treatment.

[Algorithm for treatment of patients with class II malocclusion rejecting orthognathic surgery]. / Algoritm lecheniya patsientov s nizhnei retrognatiei, otkazavshikhsya ot kostno-rekonstruktivnoi operatsii.

The aim of this study is to develop algorithms for the treatment of patients with class II malocclusion and incisor protrusion using the combination of bracket system, functional fixed telescopic appliance (FFTA) and skeletal anchorage, which allows to achieve effective dentoalveolar compensation of skeletal forms of class II malocclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Orthodontic treatment of 60 patients with class II malocclusion at the age of 18 to 44 years, using the bracket system, FFTA and orthodontic miniscrews was performed. In order to assess the results of treatment, cone-beam computed tomography were obtained at the beginning and at the end of treatment. RESULTS: As a result of the treatment normalization of lower jaw position, dental position and occlusion were achieved, the lower incisors protrusion was eliminated and the facial profile was improved, reliably confirmed by lateral cephalograms. CONCLUSION: The proposed treatment algorithm proved to be effective for stable correction of skeletal class II malocclusion in patients rejecting orthognathic surgery.

[The mesialization of molars of the lower jaw after performance surgical manipulation with using miniscrew anchorage approach]. / Mezializatsiia moliarov s pomoshch'iu breket-sistemy posle provedeniia p'ezokortikotomii.

Process of the mesialization of molars in the lower jaw is long-time, moreover the molars are not frequently bodily translation. Conduction of the corticotomy reduce to regional acceleration phenomen that permit to accelerate the tooth movement avoiding negative inclination. PURPOSE: To improve the effectiveness of the treatment using piezocorticotomy and miniscrew anchorage approach in cases of third and second molar mesialization when first molar is missing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 24 patients (10 men/14 women) aged 25-40 years with a fixed vestibular braces and the absence of molars on the lower jaw. Cone-beam computed tomography was performed before and after orthodontic treatment, as well as immediately after the piezokortikotomy (79 Cone-beam computed tomography). Miniscrews was placed in the area between roots of the first and second premolars (27 miniscrews) and surgical manipulations was performed using device VarioSurg (NSK, Japan). Depending on width of the alveolar ridge piezocorticotomy was performed (16 piezocorticotomies) or splitting using piezosurgery approach (11 splitting). RESULTS: Mesialization speed of molars in patients with support of piezocorticotomy is equal to 1.1±0.1 mm/mo that is higher than in patients without surgery only with miniscrew approach (0.33±0.006 mm/mo Roberts et al, 1996). Mesialization speed of molars in patients with support of splitting is equal to 1.6±0.15 mm/mo. However, we observed that after corticotomies surgery, the speed was increased only within the first 4.5 months, after splitting, the speed was increased only withing 2.5 months, after that period the speed gradually decreases. Bone density after surgery decreased, but at the end of treatment gradually restored. CONCLUSION: Piezo surgery with corticotomies is an effective method to accelerate the mesialization of molars in the lower jaw, that conduce to reduction duration the treatement and to allow to almost bodily translation of the molars.

[The effect of orthodontic treatment on the change of oropharynx features in patients with dentoalveolar anomalies and nasopharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy].

The paper presents the results of comprehensive survey and orthodontic treatment of 40 children with dentoalveolar anomalies and nasopharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy aged 7-9 years. The linear parameters obtained by cone beam CT and TWH in the lateral projection were analyzed. The study revealed changes, indicating that the presence of nasopharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy, leads to pathology of the dental system and estimated the efficiency of muscle training and combined use of functional devices and elastopositioner «Corrector¼ for the treatment of anomalies of dentition and the formation of physiological occlusion in the process of permanent teeth eruption.

[Effect of mouth breathing on the severity of morphological and functional changes of dental system in patients with otolaryngologic pathology].

The study included 282 patients aged 5 to 14 years with pathology of the pharyngeal tonsil. Diagnostic algorithm is presented. The study results allowed elaboration of complex rehabilitation of nasal breathing and miodynamic equilibrium in the maxillofacial region by means of elastopositioner.

Genetic regulation of mouse stem cells: identification of two keratinocyte stem cell regulatory loci.

It is well documented that the bulge of hair follicle is a 'niche' for a significant population of mouse keratinocyte stem cells, and 95% of rodent clonogenic keratinocytes originate from the bulge region. The ability to form colonies in vitro is a well recognized test for keratinocyte stem cells. We analyzed the epidermis of seven mouse strains and their segregating crosses [(BALB/c x C57BL/6)F1; (BALB/c x CB6F1); (C57BL/ 6 x CB6F1); (CBF1 x CBF1)F2] for their clonogenic activity in vitro. We found that keratinocyte colony (KC) number is a new quantitative multigenic trait. The analysis of KC size in two parental strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c), the F1 generation and the segregating crosses demonstrated that the size of KC is a quantitative complex trait also. We determined that mouse epidermis has at least two subpopulations of keratinocytes that gave small (< 2 mm2) and large (> 2 mm2) colonies. The differences in the number of small and large colonies between parental strains (C57BL/6, BALB/c) were significant (P < 0.01). A genome-wide scan of the intercross and the two backcrosses maps the number of small KC to the central region of mouse Chromosome 9 (genomewide P value = 0.01). We define this locus as Ksc1. The proximal region of chromosome 4 is associated with the high number of large KC. We defined this locus as Ksc2. We found that Ksc1 and minor loci on chromosomes 6 and 7 map close, if not equal to, loci associated with mouse skin carcinogenesis. We conclude that mouse epidermis has at least two subpopulations of clonogenic keratinocyte stem cells that are regulated by different genes. We suggest that keratinocyte stem cells responsible for small colonies may play a major role in the regulation of resistance or sensitivity to skin carcinogenesis. Investigation of the genes regulating the stem cell number should provide new insight into the mechanisms of skin carcinogenesis, and should help to develop new approaches for therapies not only against active proliferating tumor cells but also quiescent tumor stem cells.

[The expression of transforming and epidermal growth factors in organ cultures of embryonic lungs]. / Ekspressiia transformiruiushchego i épidermal'nogo faktorov rosta v organnykh kul'turakh émbrional'nykh legkikh.

Bronchial branching of the early embryonic lung rudiments (Day 12 of pregnancy) cultivated on polycarbonic millipore TM filters was studied on the total preparations. Each lobe of the embryonic lung of the 12-day embryos has three to four terminal buds. After four days of cultivation, their number increased to 18. Immuno-reactive staining of EGF and its receptor was observed both in the cells lining the primitive airway and in the cells and extracellular matrix surrounding the airway of embryonic lung explants cultivated for four and 10 days on TM and MF filters. Expression of TGF-alpha was co-localized with that of EGF but on MF filters only. This mat be connected with the phenomenon of autoinduction.

[Doxycycline in the combined treatment of the tuboperitoneal form of infertility of chlamydial etiology (a clinico-endoscopic study)]. / Doksitsiklin v kompleksnom lechenii trubno-peritoneal'noi formy besplodiia khlamidiinoi étiologii (kliniko-édoskopicheskoe issledovanie).

The diagnostic laparoscopy revealed ascending multifocal affections of the chlamydial origin in the organs of the small pelvis. It provided an objective information on the tuboperitoneal inflammation and made it possible to apply the adequate treatment. The surgical laparoscopy (adhesiotomy and salpingostomy) in the comprehensive treatment with the use of doxycycline and prodigiosan promoted the recovery of the female reproductive function.

[Cellular immunity in patients with gonorrhea and gonorrhea-chlamydia infection during treatment with pefloxacin in combination with thymogen]. / Osobennosti kletochnogo immuniteta u bol'nykh gonoreinoi i gonoreino-khlamidinoi infektsiei pri lechenii pefloksatsinom v sochetanii s timogenom.

The ultrastructural analysis showed that under the effect of abaktal (pefloxacin) the incomplete phagocytic reaction completed, the phagocytosis being of the multistage character. The morphometric analysis of the blood leukoconcentrate revealed an increase in the polymorph digestion function after the exposure to combinations of immunomodulators with abaktal which was in favour of the abaktal recommendation for the treatment of gonorrheal-chlamydial infection.

[The rehabilitative treatment of patients following stomach resection for peptic ulcer]. / Vosstanovitel'noe lechenie bol'nykh posle rezektsii zheludka po povodu iazvennoi bolezni.

The paper presents the results of the examination and treatment of 59 and 44 patients subjected to gastric resection for gastroduodenal ulcer early and late after the surgery, respectively. Special courses of aftertreatment are suggested. Electrophoresis of Karachi [correction of Karachinskaya] mud-water solution was explored as a component of the treatment.

[Different effects of peptides and their amino acids on antibody production and phagocytic activity of the neutrophils in mice]. / Neodnoznachnost' deistviia peptidov i sostavliaiushchikh ikh aminokislot na antitelogenez i fagotsitarnuiu aktivnost' neitrofilov u myshei.

The effects of some natural polypeptides fragments and amino acids which were incorporated in them on the thymus-dependent SRBC immune response and on the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus by murine peritoneal neutrophils were compared. It was found that the peptides LGIP and PYIK which consisted of those amino acids that stimulated phagocytosis but did influence the immune response (K, P, Y, L) did not change the immune response as well as phagocytosis. The peptides TKPR, TTKD and LGIPE which included those amino acids that were able to stimulate both immune response and phagocytosis (T, E, D) enhanced both activities. Nevertheless the peptide PYIKV containing valine (that stimulated the antibody production as well as phagocytosis) did not effect the immune response but enhanced the phagocytic index. The existence of two immunoregulatory systems--the peptide system and the amino acid one--was suggested.

Transgenerational effect of orthoaminoasotoluol in mice.

Transplacental effect of orthoaminoasotoluol (OAAT) on the liver was studied in 3 generations of CBA mice. OAAT was administered to mice intragastrically at the 17, 18 and 19th day of pregnancy. A high incidence of liver tumors was observed in males (73.1% compared with 40.6% in control animals) and 34.3% in females compared to 4.6% in control animals which were the F1 descendants of treated mothers. The females of the F2 generation which were not in direct contact with OAAT developed a statistically higher, compared with the control incidence of liver tumors (24%). The liver tumor incidence in males of the F2 (20.6%) and F3 (17.8%) generations was lower than in the control group (40.5%). The liver tumor incidence in the controls was similar to that observed in F3 females (4.05%).

[Growth-stimulating action of nitroso compounds on organ cultures of mouse and rat embryonic liver]. / Roststimuliruiushchee deistrvie nekotorykh nitrozosoedinenii na organnye kul'tury émbrional'noi pecheni myshei i krys.

Transplacental and direct effects of nitroso-methylurea (NMU) on the organ cultures of the liver of 18-20-day embryos of CBA and C57BL mice and the action of diethylnitroso-amine on the embryo liver cultures of noninbred rats were studied. Nitroso-compounds acclerated explant adaptation, enhanced the culture survival as compared with the normal and induced hyperplastic proliferation of small basophilic cells, whose survival in the experiment and under normal conditions was higher than that in the normal embryonal hepatocytes. The growth-stimulating effect depended on the animal species and strain and on the carcinogen, as weel as on the route of administration.

[Liver tumors induced in mice by prenatal and postnatal administration of ortho-aminoazotoluene]. / Opukholi pecheni u myshei, vyzvannye prenatal'nym i postnatal'nym vvedeniem ortoaminoazotoluola.

The authors studied the prenatal and postnatal blastomogenic action of orthoaminoazotoluol (OAAT) on the liver of CBA mice. OAAT was administered to mice intragastrically in oil solution, thrice, 4 mg each time (a total of 12 mg). Twelve months after the OAAT administration tumours of the liver during the postnatal period were revealed in 89.3% of female mice (11.5% in control), and in 78.7% of male mice (68.5% in control). In the experimental progeny subjected to OAA action during last 4--5 days of the prenatal period the liver tumours appeared in females at the age of 12 months in 54.8% of cases (5.3% in control), and in males--in 81.1% (35.2% in control). In this progeny, particularly in the male animals malignant neoplasms occurred more frequently than in the intact animals and those subjected to the action of OAAT during the postnatal period.

[Transplancental effect of ortho-aminoazotoluene on organ cultures of embryonal liver from mouse lines C57BL and CBA]. / Transplatsentarnoe deistvie orto-aminoazotuluola na organnye kul'tury émbrional'noi pecheni myshei linii C57BL i CBA.

Transplacental influence of ortho-aminoazotoluol (OAAT) on the organ cultures of embryonal liver of highly-hepatomous mice CBA, and low-cancerous mice C57BL was the subject of this research. Transplacental influence of 12 mg OAAT caused an increase of embryonal liver organ cultures viability. Under the transplacental influence of 24 mg OAAT on CBA mice the toxic effect noted at the early cultivation period was replaced by the 20-25th cultivation days by the growth-stimulating effect. The results of in vivo experiments corresponded to the results of in vitro observations.